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Buildkit

: a toolkit for converting source code to build artifacts in an efficient, expressive and repeatable manner.

: It can run build steps in parallel when possible

  • Distributable workers
  • Nested build job invocations
  • Build cache import/export
  • Execution without root privileges
  • ...

Setting

Docker Desktop
BuildKit is enabled by default for all users on Docker Desktop. you don’t have to manually enable BuildKit.

If you want to change the buildkit setting 

1. Docker Desktop → Preference → Docker Engine
2. 다음을 false로 변경

  "features": {
    "buildkit": true
}

Linux

① To set the BuildKit environment variable when running the docker build command 
DOCKER_BUILDKIT=1 docker build -t name .
② To set enable docker BuildKit by default, 
1. /etc/docker/daemon.json에 추가
{
  "features": {
    "buildkit" : true
  }
}
2. Restart the Docker daemon

Comparison between build and buildkit

Dockefile
FROM debian:buster AS stage1
RUN sleep 10
RUN echo "Stage1" > /opt/stage1

FROM debian:buster AS stage2
RUN sleep 15
RUN echo "Stage2" > /opt/stage2

FROM debian:buster
COPY --from=stage1 /opt /opt
COPY --from=stage2 /opt /opt
CMD cat /opt/stage1 && cat /opt/stage2

Build

각 스테이지를 순차적으로 수행하므로 30초가 넘는 빌드 시간이 소요된다. 1 

Sending build context to Docker daemon
33.67MB
Step 1/10 : FROM debian: buster AS stagel
buster: Pulling from library/debian
15639959ffec: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:bb8c62f9f540a5f5f49f7ed5caaee2889f999cd14553f2aaccaf1fa4fcb998d
Status: Downloaded newer image for debian: buster
---› dOb8bc043c15
Step 2/10 : RUN sleep 10
-› Running in 095a95d95e15
Removing intermediate container 095a95d95e15
---› 989eeafa5fa6
Step 3/10 : RUN echo
...
Step 10/10 : CMD cat /opt/stage1 && cat /opt/stage2
---› Running in 328840ed8b40
Removing intermediate container 328840ed8b40
-› 14b7a945c606
Successfully built 14b7a945c606
Successfully tagged test: latest

Buildkit

빌드하는 데 대략 21초 소요된다.

2 
[+] Building 21.1 (12/12) FINISHED
=› [internal] load build definition from Dockerfile
=›=› transferring dockerfile: 309B
=> [internal] load .dockerignore
=› =› transferring context: 2B
=> [internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/debian:buster
=› [auth] library/debian:pull token for registry-1.docker.io
=› [stage2 1/3] FROM docker.io/library/debian:buster...
...
=› [stage2 2/3] RUN sleep 15
=› [stage1 2/3] RUN sleep 10
=› [stage1 3/3] RUN echo "Stage1" > /opt/stage1
=› [stage-2 2/3] COPY --from=stage1 /opt /opt
=› [stage2 3/3] RUN echo "Stage2" > /opt/stage2
=› [stage-2 3/3] COPY--from=stage2 /opt /opt
=› exporting to image
=› =› writing image sha256: 06549dc573906d6f9d7cf4b2dleab251e766b2e6933068d7ad6b5fe4f3ab91f5
=› =› naming to docker.io/library/buildkit_test

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